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Posts Tagged ‘Gobekli Tepe’

Viracocha

Well. If you can put aside your initial skepticism, and your mind’s chastising you for venturing outside provincial history textbooks, the following series of videos is interesting and rationally presented. Just as we discover that the further we go into the substructure of atomic particles, the more dimensions there are and the less we seem to know, the same is true of ancient history. The more we learn of ancient people, and even the origins of the human race itself, the less it seems we know, and the more we fear to discover.


As an artist myself, with interest in physical depictions, and how the process of what is seen becomes represented as painted wall art, or carved petroglyph lines, or three-dimensional sculpture, it is interesting to me to find physical objects becoming represented as symbols, and these symbols finding correspondence in different cultures. Ancient codexes or comic books, painted with burnt sticks of carbon or Apple iPads, art doesn’t lie! People may not like it, but artists only paint what they see. Cultures may transmute and codify art into symbols, and the idea of beauty may change through the ages, and thus a heavy-set, big-breasted and bumpy model of a primitive Venus, becomes an anorexic photoshopped version of a Cosmopolitan woman in the 20th century. And while the Greeks glorified female beauty and put woman up on a pedestal, Picasso brought her back to a primitive and jagged Mademoiselle d’Avignon.

Still, birds are birds, be they herons, ducks, Phoenixs, or feathered Quetlcoatls. And wings are wings, although sometimes it is hard to determine whether they are attached to angels, aliens, bees, or flying machines. Snakes are snakes, until they seem to become dragons or dinosaurs or staircases on zigurats, jagged bolts of lightning, or wavy rivers. Fish are just fish, and look like sturgeons, dolphin, or salmon, unless they are scaled, skinned, and worn by mermen… Palms are palms, until they become multi-branched deciduous-looking “Yggdrasil” or the Tree of Life of the Kaballah; and flowers are just flowers, until they take on the significance of the three-petaled iris or Fleur-de-lis, the five-petaled rose or cinquefoil, or the multi-petaled lotus… Lions, tigers, and boars, oh my…

This series of over eight films, is best viewed with a skeptical, but open mind — if not a sense of humor. And yet there is wonder and awe, at the mystery of it all, and appreciation that so much is still unknown to us.

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stone totem pole

Older than Stonehenge. Older than ancient Sumer. Older than Egypt. Possibly the oldest known religious structure in the world. Yet Gobekli Tepe is probably one of the least known sites in modern archaeology.

Located in south Anatolia, or modern-day Turkey, near the town of “Sanli’urfa” and about 350 miles west of Mount Ararat, Gobekli Tepe is believed to have been constructed between 11,000 to 12,000 years ago. Egypt, home of the great pyramids, and Sumer home of the Akkadians and the birthplace of agriculture and writing, have been dated to approximately 3100 BC and 2100 BC respectively. Yet Gobekli Tepe has been found to be at least 5000 years older, dated to 9500 BC. There is a life-sized statue of limestone that was found in Urfa, at the pond known as Balikli Göl, and this has been carbon-dated to 10,000–9000 BC, making it the earliest-known stone sculpture ever found.

Urfa, previously known as Edessa, located in an oasis, at the head of a spring which leaves town to join the Euphrates River, is possibly the town known as Ur in the Bible. Some have theorized that it might even be the site of the Garden of Eden. The name “Gobekli” means navel, and the term “tepe”, hill. Some have called it “the navel of the world”. It is currently the site of the oldest archaeological dig on the planet, and believed to be the first ante-diluvian (pre-Flood) site ever discovered. Gobekli is also older than any site in South America, and it would hypothetically even pre-date Atlantis, which was said to have been destroyed by the great Deluge.

Gobekli is also older than ancient Crete. However some of the stone structures have similarity to those of the Minoan civilization. There are also other sites in Turkey which have been compared to Gobekli. gobekli tepe_reconstructionThe most famous of these sites is Çatal Höyük. It was discovered in 1958 by British archaeologist James Mellaart, who began excavations in 1961 and eventually dated the site to 7500–5700 BC. Çayönü, located around 96 kilometres from Göbekli Tepe, has been dated to 7500–6600 BC. Neval Cori shares many parallels with Göbekli Tepe, such as the T-shaped pillars and is dated to 8400–8000 BC. Until these sites were discovered in Turkey, the oldest known city was thought to be biblical Jericho, in Israel, whose age was pushed back to 8000 BC.

What makes Gobekli Tepe distinctive, and makes the association to nearby Mount Ararat, is the presence of animal carvings on the T-columns. In this one location, are carvings of boars, bulls, foxes, reptiles, lions, crocodiles and birds, as well as insects and spiders. One column depicts several geese, caught in what seems to be a woven net. It brings to mind the story of Noah’s Ark, and the effort to capture all the animals to be put on board. The site is constructed, with circular “rooms” and the evenly spaced T-columns throughout, decorated with the engravings almost like the banners we see announcing exhibits at modern-day museums. Is it possible this ancient storyboard commemorated the feat of preservation of animal life Noah accomplished after the great Flood? The Hebrew Bible states that the very first thing Noah did when he landed and was safe was build an altar to God. (Genesis Chapter 8 Verse 20.)

But the myth of a Great Flood is universal, and not just a biblical tale. The individual called Noe, or Noah in the Bible, is known by many other names. In Sumer: King Ziusudra; Babylon: Utnapishtim; Greece: Deucalion; China: Yu; India: Manu; Scandinavia: Bergelmir; Welsh: Dwyfan; East Africa: Tumbainot; Mongolia: Hailibu….EVERY civilization on the face of the Earth has a flood myth and a flood hero, and even the tale of Atlantis recounts the destruction of an advanced civilization which is submerged into the ocean. And the presence of human sacrifices at the sites adjacent to Gobekli, support the moral implications of the destruction of righteous destruction of a humanity gone awry.

Interestingly, the Bible recounts that following his successful survival of the destruction of the rest of humankind, Noah was the first man to practice cultivation and agriculture. It is said he was the first tiller of the soil, and the first to plant a vineyard and create wine. (Genesis 9:20-21) Granted that agriculture was first attributed to civilizations such as the Summerians’in the Tigris Euphrates River Valley, it’s interesting that Sanliurfa was located at the headwaters of the Euphrates. And depicted on a column at Gobekli Tepe, is what appears to be the image of a scythe — the tool which cuts grain or tills the earth. What better a tribute to Noah, “the first tiller of the soil”.

from Phillip Coppens’ “Gobekli Tepe: the World’s Oldest Temple”

mythology of the great flood

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